Capital asset pricing model: Difference between revisions
imported>Doug Williamson (Layout.) |
imported>Doug Williamson (Add link.) |
||
| (8 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
''Valuation and cost of capital'' | ''Valuation and cost of capital''. | ||
(CAPM). | (CAPM). | ||
| Line 6: | Line 6: | ||
The model’s uses include estimating a firm’s market cost of equity from its beta and the | The model’s uses include estimating a firm’s market cost of equity from its beta and the market risk-free rate of return. | ||
The CAPM assumes a straight-line relationship between the beta of a traded asset and | The CAPM assumes a straight-line relationship between the beta of a traded asset and its expected rate of return. | ||
The model assumes that investors | The model assumes that investors expect a return equal to the theoretically risk-free rate of return, plus a premium for the degree of risk accepted. | ||
| Line 22: | Line 22: | ||
Re = Rf + beta x (Rm - Rf) | Re = Rf + beta x (Rm - Rf) | ||
Rj = Rf + beta x (Rm - Rf) | |||
Where: | Where: | ||
Re = return on | Re = return on equity. | ||
Rj = return on any traded risky asset | |||
Rf = theoretical [[risk free rate of return]]. | Rf = theoretical [[risk-free rate of return]]. | ||
Beta = relative market risk. | Beta = relative market risk. | ||
| Line 44: | Line 48: | ||
Return on | Return on equity (Re): | ||
= 4 + 1.2 x (9 - 4) | = 4 + 1.2 x (9 - 4) | ||
| Line 50: | Line 54: | ||
= 10%. | = 10%. | ||
This investment requires an expected <u>rate of return</u> of 10%, higher than average rate of return on the market as a whole of only 9%, because its market <u>risk</u> (measured by beta = 1.2) is greater than the average market risk of only 1.0. | This equity investment requires an expected <u>rate of return</u> of 10%, higher than average rate of return on the market as a whole of only 9%, because its market <u>risk</u> (measured by beta = 1.2) is greater than the average market risk (of only 1.0). | ||
| Line 73: | Line 77: | ||
* [[Beta]] | * [[Beta]] | ||
* [[Business risk]] | * [[Business risk]] | ||
* [[Capital ]] | |||
* [[Capital gain]] | * [[Capital gain]] | ||
* [[Cost of equity]] | * [[Cost of equity]] | ||
* [[Dividend growth model]] | |||
* [[Equity beta]] | * [[Equity beta]] | ||
* [[Equity risk]] | * [[Equity risk]] | ||
| Line 81: | Line 87: | ||
* [[Market risk]] | * [[Market risk]] | ||
* [[Market risk premium]] | * [[Market risk premium]] | ||
* [[Model]] | |||
* [[Modern Portfolio Theory]] | * [[Modern Portfolio Theory]] | ||
* [[Risk]] | * [[Risk]] | ||
* [[Risk-free rate of return]] | |||
* [[Security Market Line]] | * [[Security Market Line]] | ||
* [[Specific risk]] | * [[Specific risk]] | ||
Latest revision as of 21:04, 4 July 2022
Valuation and cost of capital.
(CAPM).
The capital asset pricing model links the expected rates of return on traded assets with their relative levels of market risk (beta).
The model’s uses include estimating a firm’s market cost of equity from its beta and the market risk-free rate of return.
The CAPM assumes a straight-line relationship between the beta of a traded asset and its expected rate of return.
The model assumes that investors expect a return equal to the theoretically risk-free rate of return, plus a premium for the degree of risk accepted.
CAPM calculation
Expressed as a formula:
Re = Rf + beta x (Rm - Rf)
Rj = Rf + beta x (Rm - Rf)
Where:
Re = return on equity.
Rj = return on any traded risky asset
Rf = theoretical risk-free rate of return.
Beta = relative market risk.
Rm = average expected rate of return on the market.
Example
Rf = theoretical risk free rate of return = 4%.
Beta = relative market risk = 1.2.
Rm = average expected rate of return on the market = 9%.
Return on equity (Re):
= 4 + 1.2 x (9 - 4)
= 10%.
This equity investment requires an expected rate of return of 10%, higher than average rate of return on the market as a whole of only 9%, because its market risk (measured by beta = 1.2) is greater than the average market risk (of only 1.0).
Under the capital asset pricing model only the (undiversifiable) market risk of securities is rewarded with additional returns, because the model assumes that rational market participants have all fully diversified away all specific risk within their investment portfolios.
Use of the CAPM to quantify cost of equity
When the CAPM is used to calculate an estimate of the cost of equity, it is conventionally expressed as:
Ke = Rf + beta x (Rm - Rf)
Where:
Ke = cost of equity
(& other terms are defined as above)
